The cooler a bulb temperature is, it will typically live longer. This is very bright as the higher lumens, the brighter the bulb light outputs. Halogen headlight bulbs use 25% less energy than conventional light bulbs.Ī typical lumen range is between 2600-3000lm for HIDs with a 20-30w (wattage) range. Halogens are typically very easy to replace when needing new light bulbs and are greener for the environment when disposing. ![]() The light is pointed downward to see in front of you and limits blinding other drivers. The dimmer yellow white light is perfect for low beam driving. Halogen gas increases the amount of light the headlight bulb emits, and therefore improves lifespan. Usually produces 55w (wattage) per light bulb. However, they are best to use for low beams due to its dim yellow light. Outputs light to longer distances vertically and horizontally for optimal night vision.Ī typical halogen headlight bulb will emit about 700lm (low beam) and 1,100-1,200lm (high beam). Therefore, LEDs last longest and sustain energy overtime. In comparison, other bulbs output 90% of heat. White light mimics the sun light for clear vision. ![]() Bright enough (usually 5000k-6000k temperature) to see potential road threats ahead to keep everyone safe by lessening stress while driving at night. This is a generally safe brightness range for clear vision at night. It is then found by fL measurements vs pulse width that the fL seen by both the human eye and by the photometer is in direct, linear proportion to the pulse width duty cycle.Best for night driving and long-distance light without a dangerous glare a HID bulb outputs.Ī good lumen range for LEDs are 1,100lm (lumens) and 10-15w (wattage). Then, a pulse generator can be configured to deliver as many peak mA to the LED as there were mA of DC above. They were always equal.įigure 4: Photometer set can be used to measure the LED output in fL.Ī Model 1980A photometer set for a viewing angle of one degree can be used to measure the LED output in fL in response to the LED’s DC current in mA in the DC configuration shown above. When their light outputs were the same, the DC current and the average of the pulsed currents were compared to each other. Pulsed current and DC current were applied to matched LEDs which were then viewed side by side. ![]() The LED pulsing setup was constructed as seen below.įigure 3: LED brightness varies due to the duty cycle of the drive waveform. ![]() To do this, output light was examined visually and examined objectively using the same photometer as before. This can give us very precise control of apparent fL outputs versus current pulse widths.Īn LED's light output in fL can be demonstrated as being linearly proportional to the duty cycle by which its current pulse width is modulated for a specific but constant peak value of diode mA. Having been thus purchased, their apparent brightness is best controlled by pulse width modulating their operating currents at the particular peak current levels for which their fL outputs are defined. We need look at that last statement a little more closely.Īlthough individual LEDs differ in their operational curves as seen above, they can be purchased in matched sets thus obviating the above differences. It should be noted that although this apparent relationship is somewhat seductive and perhaps even suggestive of particular methods for designing a variable brightness, multiple-LED display, it is in fact a useless relationship for that purpose. LED #3 intrinsically brighter than LED #2.įigure 2: Normalised curves from the previous chart. Now however, if we normalise these two diodes' curves, in this case by normalising the brighter LED to the dimmer one, we find close tracking between the pair of fL versus mA curves. 【On Demand/Watch Now】One Chip Solution to Reduce Time-to-Market with MOTIX™ Motor System ICįigure 1: One LED produces more fL of light/mA of current flow than the other.
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The result is a number that can be used to make assessments about differences between groups. ![]() This process is susceptible to overfitting whereby the model is constructed to work well in the specific time period or market conditions it is tested against but underperforms when it is made live.Ĭlick here for articles on quantitative investing. The Quant project encompasses the Overledger blockchain operating system and. FactSets Quant Factor Library provides cost-effective access to over 2,400 pre-calculated global equity data items rooted in decades of financial theory. Self-reports, like surveys or questionnaires Observation (often used in experiments or fieldwork) Implicit attitude tests that measure timing in responding to prompts Most of these are quantitative methods. Quantitative traders start by building a mathematical model of their proposed trading strategy, then they backtest it using historical market data. 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Quantitative finance is the use of mathematical models and extremely large datasets to analyze financial markets and securities. ![]() Examples include high-frequency trading, algorithmic trading and statistical arbitrage. What exactly is a Quant My personal definition is someone willing to bet on the results of her calculations. ![]() Quantitative investing, also known as systematic investing, is an investment approach that uses advanced mathematical modelling, computer systems and data analysis to calculate the optimal probability of executing a profitable trade. finds a Smart Beta fund or ETF whose underlying index methodology is precisely aligned with the investors own definition of the factor, is comfortable with. ![]() This knowledge consist of a status for every system:īlue: no enemies - Red: enemies - Gray: no info or outdated info 4 Characteristics of different remote repair types.EVELiveIntel - Live Intel Map for EVE Online What is it ?Īn online map that centralize and visualize Intel knowledge (hostile players positions) in the game EVE Online.6.6 Bonused and Unbonused Battleship Logistics.6.7 Capital Logistics: Force Auxiliaries.One, very intuitive reason for including logistics ships in fleets is so that damage dealers can focus on their own role by having logistics ships manage repair, the other, combat-oriented ships in the fleet can fit more modules, rigs, and implants dedicated to damage-dealing. But another, less intuitive justification is that logistics ships are often better at repairing other ships than those ships are at repairing themselves. The biggest effect however is that a squad of logistics ships can focus all of their remote repair modules on a single target. In comparison, in a group of self-repairing ships, only the ship taking damage can use its repair modules. This makes remote repairing the only practical method of repairing in larger fleets.Shield Emission Systems - 5% reduction per level to capacitor consumption of remote shield boosters.Capital Shield Emission Systems - 5% reduction per level to capacitor consumption of capital remote shield boosters.Remote Armor Repair Systems - 5% reduction per level to capacitor consumption of remote armor repairers.Capital Remote Armor Repair Systems - 5% reduction per level to capacitor consumption of capital remote armor repairers.Capacitor Emission Systems - 5% reduction per level to capacitor consumption of remote capacitor transmitters.Capital Capacitor Emission Systems - 5% reduction per level to capacitor consumption of capital remote capacitor transmitters.Repair Drone Operation - 5% increased repair drone repair amount per level.In addition to the general logistics skills the hull specific racial ship skills are very important as they drastically improve logistics ship repair amounts and reduce remote repair capacitor usage.Īdditionally capacitor skills are very important for logistics role. Cap chained ships receive plenty of capacitor from their capacitor transmitters but solo ships often have to rely purely on their own capacitor. General tanking, targeting and fitting skills are of course also important. Remote repair can be used to restore HP to a ship's shield, armor, or hull, via multiple different types of high-slot, remote repair modules. These modules have some important differences. Remote armor repairer repairs armor on the targeted ship. ![]() Repair happens at the end of the module cycle.Tests indicate that the calculation of the repair amount also occurs at the end of the module cycle, not at module activation.This is relevant when the remote repair ship moves from module optimal range into module falloff range, or vice versa, during the module cycle.Uses less capacitor per repair amount than remote shield booster.Īlso comes in ancillary variant.Ancillary remote armor repairers be loaded with nanite repair paste. While the module has paste it repairs almost twice as much as T2 variant but after the paste runs out it repairs a bit over half of T2 variant. Mutadaptive remote armor repairer repairs armor on the target ship.Repair amount ramps up as the module is kept on the same target.Can only be fitted on the Triglavian logistics ships Rodiva and Zarmazd.Remote shield booster repairs shield on the targeted ship.Repair happens at the beginning of the module cycle.Uses more capacitor per repair amount than remote armor repairer.Īlso comes in ancillary variant.Ancillary remote shield boosters can be loaded with capacitor booster charges. While the module has capacitor boosters it consumes no capacitor at all, but once the charges run out it consumes 2.7x as much capacitor as T2 variant. It repairs about 40% more than T2 variant even when it does not have cap charges. Remote hull repairer repairs hull on the targeted ship. These types of remote repairers are almost never used. Remote capacitor transmitter transmits capacitor to the target ship. With hull bonuses, skills and rigs these modules can be used to generate capacitor out of nothing. Remote repair drones for shield, armor and hull come in small, light and heavy sizes totaling nine different drones. Remote repair augmentor reduces capacitor usage of remote armor repairers at the cost of ship max velocity.Įgress Port Maximizer reduces capacitor usage of capacitor transmitters.ĭrone repair augmentor Increases logistics drone repair amount at the cost of CPU capacity. To defeat the third boss of Returnal, you must survive the fight’s three phases. ![]() Once you’re prepared, it’s time to face Nemesis. Explore the area beforehand to get a sense of the layout and where you can take cover. ![]() Familiarize yourself with the arena: The battle with Nemesis occurs in a circular arena with several platforms.Make sure to collect as many consumables as possible before the fight. Use consumables: Items like the Silphium Vial and the Apex Spherecan help you survive longer in battle.Collect artifacts: Artifacts like the Astronaut Figurine and the Icarian Grapnel can be very helpful in the fight, as they provide extra protection and mobility.Make sure to upgrade it as much as possible before the battle. Upgrade your weapon: The best weapon for the job is the Hollowseeker, which significantly damages Nemesis.Here are some tips for preparing for the battle: Move quickly between platforms and ignore minions, only attacking Nemesis.īefore you face Nemesis, having the right equipment and upgrades is important to give you an edge in the fight.Phase Three requires you to move towards Nemesis on floating platforms while avoiding attacks.Apply the same strategies as Phase One.Whenever Nemesis moves around, find the area where the minions have gathered and wait for it.Phase Two is similar to Phase One but with stronger and faster attacks, more minions, and Nemesis being able to move around.Dashing and dodging is the best way to survive this round.Phase One has three different bullets fired by Nemesis and two minions attacking.Fire only at the red heart in Nemesis’s chest to defeat the third boss.The fight against Nemesis has three phases.Whatever your reason for playing, just make sure you have one – now it’s on PC, there’s no excuse for missing Returnal.Īs of today (February 15), Returnalis available on PC. Even at face value, Housemarque’s hit is a brilliant, gorgeous third-person shooter. If you’re yet to dabble in the genre, let Returnal be your introduction. If you’re a fan of roguelikes, Returnal‘s brilliance stands with the likes of Hades and The Binding Of Isaac. It would be amoral to spoil any more of Returnal. My first death was caused by an alien gorilla that looked like it had huffed the smoke monster from Lost, but it was far from my last – Returnal‘s randomised layout means that you’re always chasing the next run, hoping that Atropos coughs up better upgrades the next time you venture in. It’s a rush, and Returnal‘s weaponry is a pleasure to wield – there’s nothing like eviscerating a hungry alien with a close-up shotgun blast, or sizzling through a flying manta ray before it can dive at you. ![]() Landing your own shots is relatively simple thanks to a generous targeting system, so you’re able to focus on staying alive as hordes of monsters attempt to kill you from all angles. ![]() Brawls are all about staying on the move, as most of Returnal‘s alien enemies are capable of covering swathes of your screen with arcs and beams of sizzling energy. Thanks to the propulsion on her spacesuit, Selene is a capable fighter that can dash and jump around foes with ease. Like Hades, Returnal‘s combat often descends into delightfully fluorescent bullet hell. The story of Returnal is magnetic, and makes the most important facet of a roguelike – getting players to keep playing after countless deaths – look effortless in the same way that Supergiant’s 2020 hit Hades did. Things get progressively weirder, and the planet itself almost feels haunted when elements of Selene’s past life begin to manifest within its twisting lands. As Atropos relinquishes more of its secrets, the planet’s dead tell its story, from the scout logs of other ill-fated Selene’s to the carvings of an ancient civilisation that settled here long ago. Housemarque knows how to draw players in. The mystery of Atropos is captivating, but it’s much more than that – it grips hold of you until, like Selene, you have no idea where the last six hours of your life have gone. Though she doesn’t remember, she has already lived and died on Atropos countless times, and the goal of Returnal is to break away from this sci-fi Groundhog Day and free her from an unsettling cycle of death. Within minutes of crashing on the alien planet of Atropos, marked off-limits by humanity, protagonist Selene Vassos ( voiced by the wonderful Jane Perry) makes a shocking discovery – her own dead body, lying mauled in the planet’s ever-shifting forest. As a result, Returnal’s opening hours were a captivating spectacle. Going in, I knew very little idea about Housemarque‘s third-person shooter beyond knowing it was a roguelike. ![]() The last two Democratic presidents with approval ratings matching Biden’s in their first midterm (Bill Clinton in 1994 and Barack Obama in 2010) saw their party suffer a net loss of more than 50 House seats, at least five Senate seats and at least five governorships. Still, Democrats look to have scored an incredible achievement in the 2022 midterms, especially given how unpopular polls showed Biden was. Perhaps the lack of success by these GOP candidates shouldn’t be a surprise given that some 60% of voters – both in pre-election surveys and the exit polls – believe Biden was legitimately elected. None of them has been projected a winner, and only Republican Kari Lake of Arizona has any chance of winning. Republicans nominated 2020 election deniers for governor in a number of blue or swing states. We see this in gubernatorial elections, as well. In every Senate race (save Georgia) that Inside Elections had rated as a toss-up or only tilting toward a party before the election, more voters said the Republican candidate’s views were too extreme than said the same for the Democratic candidate. The exit polls bear out Republicans’ “candidate problem” in the 2022 midterms. (This, of course, is false, as Biden won the election.) Many of those Republicans were endorsed by Trump and had said (at least at one point) that they believed he had won the 2020 election. ![]() ![]() Interactive: How 2020 election deniers did in their 2022 midterm races Democrats in pretty much all the key races were better liked than their opponents. Pre-election polling showed that Republicans in all the key races had negative net favorability ratings. Analysts, myself included, noted that Republicans seemed to have a candidate likability problem. The ability for Democrats to defy expectations this year starts simply with whom Republicans nominated for statewide elections. Bush respectively) with approval ratings north of 60%. The polling from 19 shows the presidents at the time (John F. We don’t have any polling from 1934, though considering Franklin Roosevelt won two landslide victories on either end of that midterm, he was likely quite popular. His approval rating was 44% in the exit polls. The shocking thing about this year (assuming the current trends hold) is that Biden is quite unpopular. (1986 is the only other post-1934 midterm, regardless of when it fell in a presidency, when the president’s party had a net gain of governorships, though Ronald Reagan’s GOP had massive losses in the Senate that year.) We already know, based on projected races, that this will be the first time since 1934 that the president’s party had a net gain of governorships in a president’s first midterm. Mandel Ngan/AFP/Getty ImagesĪnalysis: Democrats would have gotten crushed this election without young votersĭemocrats’ performance this year has funneled down to the state level as well. Since 1922, there have been three previous instances of the president’s party gaining (or losing no) Senate seats and losing fewer than 10 House seats in the president’s first midterm.Īll of them – 1934, 19 – are thought to be monumental achievements for the president’s party and major exceptions to rule, which suggests the party controlling the White House usually loses seats in a midterm.Īttendees cheer during a rally for gubernatorial candidate Wes Moore and the Democratic Party with US President Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden on the eve of the US midterm elections, at Bowie State University in Bowie, Maryland, on November 7, 2022. Still, the election results were extremely unusual. So just what happened? It’s pretty clear that general election voters punished Republican candidates they saw as too extreme – on issues such as abortion and/or for being too closely tied to former President Donald Trump. Instead, Biden and the Democrats are in a position to have one of the four best midterms for the party controlling the White House in the last century. That should especially be the case when there is once-in-a-generation inflation and when the vast majority of Americans think the country is on the wrong track. Midterms are supposed to be the time for the opposition party to shine. Jakub Porzycki/NurPhoto/Getty Imagesĭemocrats will keep control of the Senate, CNN projects The Capitol building is seen through the American flags in Washington DC on October 20, 2022. |